Hot-water and steam boiler.



F. 1. WALLING.

' HOT WATER AND STEAM BOILER.

APPLICATION men ozc. I6. 1913.

Patented 0ct.10,1916.

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HOT WATER AND STEAM BOILER. APrLlcAn-ou H LED 0mm. 1913.

' Patented Oct 10, 1916..

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FREDERICK J. WALLING, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA.

HOT-WATER AND STEAM BOILER.

Application filed December 16, 1913.

To (ZZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK J. VALL- ING, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Minneapolis, in the county of Hennepin and State ofMinnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inHotlVater and Steam Boilers; and I do hereby declare the following to bea full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe same.

My invention has for its object to provide an improved hot water andsteam boiler, especially adapted for use in heating plants; and to suchends, generally stated, the invention consists of the novel devices andcombinations of devices hereinafter described and defined in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate the invention, likecharacters 111C11- cate like parts throughout the several vlews.

Referring to the drawings: Figure 1 1s a view partly in side elevationand partly in vertical section showing a boiler designed in accordancewith my invention; Fig. 2 IS a horizontal section taken on the irregularline of 00 on Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on the line00 m on Fig. 1; and Fig. 1 is a transverse section taken approximatelyon the line 00 02 on Fig. 1.

The main boiler shell 1, which 1s preferably of novel constructiondisclosed and claimed in my prior Patent 1,058,208, dated April 8th,1913, is in the form of a hollow cast shell, resting upon a hollow castbase 2 having at its front the ordinary ash pit door 3. The hollow mainshell 1, has an upright water chamber of annular form, but which 1sextended over the top of the fire pot chamber 1. In front, it isprovided with a fuel door 5 and with a cleanout door 6. At a point verymuch eccentric to the vertical axis of the said main shell 1, the topstructure there-' of is integrally formed with closely positioned, butcircumferentiall yspaced draft or flame passages 7 (see particularlyFig. 2). Attention is here called to the fact that in Fig. l, thesection line does not follow a true central plane, but deviatessufliciently to intersect the draft passages 7 and certain otherpassages shown in said Fig. 2, and hereinafter described. In Fig. 1, thenumeral 8 indicates one of the several so-called water columns thatextend inward from the annular water column of the main shell 1,

I Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 10, 1916.

SerialNo. 807,048.

as fully disclosed and claimed in my said prior patent.

The numeral 9 indicates a cold water return pipe which opens into theannular water chamber of the shell 1, near the bottom thereof. Usually,there will be two of these cold water return pipes located, one on eachside of the shell.

My present invention is directed chiefly to the provision of an improvedsuper-structure for the main boiler shell, whereby very greatlyincreased heating efliciency is obtained, particularly by an improvedarrangement of the water circulating passages in the saidsuper-structure, and in the relative: arrangements of the heatlngsurfaces. This super-structure is made in sections capable of beingbuilt up on the unit system to increase the heating capacity of the boier, and also, to facilitate construction and erection. Thesuper-structure, as shown, comprises a top section 10, and anintermediate section 11, the main boiler shell 1 being treated as thelower or bottom section of the boiler. The intermediate section 11 hasan annular water chamber 12 and two horizontal water chambers 13 and 14.The water chambers 13 and 1% are in communication with the annular waterchamber 12, the former, at a point considerably above the bottomthereof, and the latter at the extreme upper portion of the said chamber12. Between the water chambers 13 and 1 1, there is formed a draftpassage 15 which circumferentially follows the entire wall of the waterchamber 12. A similar draft passage 16 is formed between the raisedbottom of the chamber 13 and the top of the main shell 1. The draftpassage or chamber 13 has an axially located independent hub 17 that isconnected to the central portion of the horizontal top water chamber ofthe main shell 1, as shown, by

vide for circulation of water through the lower portion, as well asthrough the upper portion of the annular water chamber 12, I form thelower wall of the said water chamber 13 with a depending trough 21,preferably of V-shape, and which extends from the bottom of the saidwater chamber 13 to the bottom of the'hub 17. This trough 21 is locatedvertically over a line drawn mid way between the draft passages 7 in thetop of the main shell 1, so that the flames passing upward through twopassages 7, will be delivered on opposite sides of the said trough 21and directly against the flat undersurface of the water chamber 13.

The intermediate section 11 rests directly upon the outer edge portionof the top of the main shell 1, and fits the same with a tight joint atLikewise, the upper section 10 rests directly upon the outer top portionof the section 11 and fits the same with a tight joint at 23. The topwall of the section 11 is connected by a thimble 2i, to an axiallylocated depending hub 25 ofthe said upper section 10. A draft passage orflame chamber 26 is formed between the top of the section 11 and thebottom of the section 10, and the bottom plate or the said section 10 isformed with a radially extended depending trough 27, preferably ofV-shape cross section and which is located vertically over a line drawnmidway between the flame passages 20, so that the flames passing upwardthrough said passage 20 will strike the raised bottom of the saidsection 10 on opposite sides thereof. The said section 10 is formed withthree horizontally extended chambers 28, 29 and 30. The said chamber 29,which is a draft passage, is connected to the chamber 26 throughvertical draft passages 31, the walls of which are cast integral withthe section 10. These passages 31 are located very much eccentric to theaxis of the boiler and to the thimble 20. At its rear, the said draftpassage 29 is connected to a smoke outlet pipe 32, shown as castintegral with the section 10 and provided with an ordinary check damper38. As clearly shown in Fig. at, the water chambers 26, 2S and 30 are incommunication with each other. Hot water distributing pipes 3- lead fromthe top of the chamber 30.

The chambers or draft passages 15 and 16 have cleanout openings 15 and16 respectively, at the front of the boiler that normally close by anordinary door 35 hinged to a door frame 36, secured to the section 11.Likewise, the chambers or draft passages 26 and 29 have cleanoutopenings 26" and 29, respectively, at the front of the boiler, and whichare normally closed by an ordinary door 37 hinged to a door frame 38,secured to the front of the section 10..

Qperation: Assuming that the main shell 1 has the water legs 8projecting into the fire pot, as disclosed in my said prior patent, itis obvious that this boiler will have all of the advantagesof theboilerdisclosed in my said prior patent. It will, however, havethe'following additional advantages, to wit, the flames or intensely hotproducts of combustion passing out of the fire pot, will be brought overand over again, into direct contact with the heating surface of theso-called superstructure, and are caused to take a zigzag course ontheir upward passage until they reach the smoke pipe 32. Two verticallyadjacent draft passages are located vertically, one over the other, andhence, when the flames or hot products of combustion pass upward throughone of the ports 7, 19, 20 or 31, they come directly into contact withan overlying horizontal undersurface of a water containing chamber. The

waterpassing upward through the several sections of the super-structure,is caused to take a zigzag or winding course, progressing toward the topof the boiler very much on the same plan as do the flames or hotproducts of combustion. Otherwise stated, the water and the hot productsof combustion, both move upwardly on zigzag courses and repeatedlyspread out through horizontally expanded chambers, the water being allthe time subject to the heat from the other products of combustion untilthey reach the very top of the boiler.

In my improved arrangement the draft passages, as well as the waterpassages, are reversely or alternately offset, all of the flames or hotproducts of combustion are caused to pass vertically through thevertical draft passages and horizontally through all of the horizontallyextended draft passages or chamber without possibility of any of theflames of the products of combustion taking a short or direct course tothe smoke pipe.

As is well known, water circulation is essential to eliicient operationof a boiler. The rapidity of the transfer of heat by convection, dependsupon the rapidity of circulation, and the circulation is made more rapidand efficient by compelling the flames or hot products of combustion andthe water, both to follow similar extended zigzag courses that aredefinite and positive in their path. The water circulating channels ortroughs in the bottoms of the horizontal water chambers of the sections,prevent the formation of pockets in which water will not circulate, andthus render efficient the entire water and heat conducting surfaces ofthe boiler. Also the said channels permit the depending marginalportions of the water chambers to be drained. This latter feature isvery important and prevents breaking of the boiler by freezing when outof use in cold climates. Also it gives circulation which preventsaccumulation of Cir sediment; or, if some sediment should accumulate,affords means for removing the same by flushing the boiler.

What I claim is:

1. In a hot water or steam boiler, the combination with a main shellincluding a fire pot, of a super-structure therefor, including a waterconduit and draft passage, having vertically spaced alternatedhorizontally expanded chambers, and said water conduit also having anannular marginal water chamber extended below the horizontally expandedwater chamber with which they directly communicate, the adjacenthorizontally expanded water chambers being in communication throughaxial passages, and the horizontally expanded chambers of said flamepassage being connected by vertical passages that are offset alternatelyon opposite sides of the axis of the boiler.

2. In a hot water or steam boiler, the combination with a main shellincluding a fire pot, of a super-structure therefor, including a waterconduit and draft passage, having vertically spaced alternatedhorizontally expanded chambers, and the former also having annularmarginal water chambers extended below the horizontally expanded waterchambers with which they directly communicate, the adjacent horizontallyexpanded water chambers being in communication through axial passages,including hubs and connecting thimbles, and the said horizontallyexpanded chambers of said water conduit also having independent radialchannels connecting the depending hubs to the depending portions of thean- Goplel of thin patent may be obtained for nular marginal chambers,and the horizontally expanded chambers of said draft passage beingconnected by vertical passages that are alternately offset on oppositesides of the axis of said boiler, and certain 'of which are arranged,one on each side of the overlying adjacent radial water channel.

3. In a hot water or steam boiler, the combination with a main shellhaving a water chamber that surrounds and extends over the top thereof,of a super-structure therefor, having alternated zigzag water and draftpassages, the former including horizontally expanded water chambers withdepending axial portions and with marginal water chambers dependingbelow the same and also having radial channels connecting with the saiddepending axial portions, and the lower portions of said verticallyextended marginal portions, the said water .passage being 'incommunication with the water chamber of said main shell, substantiallyas described.

4. In a hot water or steam boiler, the combination with a shell having ahorizontal water chamber extended therefrom, with a depending marginalportion and a depending axial portion, and also having a radial channelconnecting the said depending marginal portion with the said dependingaxial portion.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EDITH S. HOLLOWAY, F. D. MERCHANT.

five cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner of Patents, Washington,D. G."

